A Hitchhiker's Guide to caring for an older person before and during coronavirus‐19

Coronavirus‐19 (COVID‐19) has reconfigured working lives with astonishing velocity. Older people have suffered the worst effects of the pandemic, with governments marginalizing or overlooking their needs. Women perform the majority of care for older people, often compromising their working lives and health. Yet in academic articles their voices are often filtered or aggregated in quantitative studies. Based on a weave of personal experiences and secondary research, the article traces a path through UK forms of care and shows how the inadequate response to COVID‐19 stemmed from existing policies embedded in health and social care. COVID‐19 has severed important informal care work, rendering the vulnerable yet more exposed and carers anxious and bereft. Longitudinal research capturing the trajectory of care from the perspective of older people and their carers would lead to improved support hence gender equality.     

中华民族共同体建设视阈下改土归流的历程、原因及作用

明清时期中央王朝实施的改土归流，不仅彻底废除了土司的政治、经济、军事、司法等特权，将国家版图内的人事权、财政权、军事指挥权、行政管理权、文化教育权等悉数收归中央，而且也是中华民族共同体由“自在”向“自觉”过渡的关键环节。明清改土归流经历了一个长期、艰巨、复杂的过程，其中既有土司利益与王朝利益的矛盾、各地土司与辖区民众的矛盾，也有中央王朝通过改土归流以增加税收、朝廷命官与乡村民众要求改土归流等现实动因。改土归流实现了国家“大一统”的目标、凸显明清国家治理能力的进步、加快了中华民族共同体建设的速度。中华民族共同体是一个由政治共同体、经济共同体、文化共同体和社会共同体四者构成的命运共同体。改土归流的实施，不仅是推动共同体由“自在”向“自觉”迈进的关键步骤和重要举措，而且使中华民族共同体在政治、经济、文化和社会诸方面发生巨大变化。     

国内夫余活动中心与王城研究

关于夫余的活动中心，有呼嫩平原和松辽平原两种说法；夫余的王城有前后之分，前期王城多数学者认为在吉林省吉林市，也有吉林农安、辽宁西丰等意见。后期王城有辽宁昌图四面城、吉林农安、吉林四平一面城、吉林柳河罗通山城、吉林榆树一带、吉林辽源龙首山山城等意见。     

论人类命运共同体的“真、善、美”

人类命运共同体是“真”思想,它在继承马克思主义对“共同体”科学分析论述的基础上,结合当今世界发展的总体趋势不断探索、不断实践、不断发展并取得了显著成效。人类命运共同体是“和”“善”的思想,因为它充分汲取了中华文明的优秀基因,将中国传统文化中“和”与“善”的思想推向全世界。人类命运共同体是美丽的思想,因为它不仅准确把握了时代的主题,力求构建美丽新世界,还将全人类对美好生活的向往转变为现实的动力。构建人类命运共同体是马克思主义在21世纪焕发强大活力的显著象征,是中国优秀传统文化中和平思想的集中体现,是贡献给世界的中国智慧和中国方案。     

Every Minute Counts: Using Process Improvement and Performance Feedback to Improve Patient Flow in an Emergency Department

Prolonged emergency department (ED) visits are associated with a number of adverse outcomes for patients as well as lower patient satisfaction scores and increased costs. Several factors that influence the length of ED visits are out of the control of hospital employees, but some opportunities exist to improve performance. For this study, the ED department of a 150-bed hospital in the southeastern United States wanted to improve door-to-discharge time. To do so, a subprocess of door-to-discharge time was targeted, door-to-order. After analyzing the process, the team created standard orders for the 10 most common presenting conditions in the ER with preapproval, allowing nurses to submit the orders without the provider first visiting the patient. Following the process change, daily feedback was added to increase utilization of the preapproved orders. Reductions in door-to-order times and door-to-discharge were observed and patient satisfaction remained stable. Implications for future research in this area are discussed.     

人类命运共同体的价值底蕴､文化范式与历史逻辑

推动构建人类命运共同体是新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的基本方略之一，是对全球治理理念和模式的一种革新，是对人类社会发展理念的全新探索。党的十九大提出要“倡导构建人类命运共同体，促进全球治理体系变革”，这既是为全球治理贡献中国智慧与中国方案，也有利于构建具有中国特色的国际话语传播体系，有助于推动建立公正合理的国际新秩序。人类命运共同体的提出致力于全人类参与的共建、共享、共赢的价值导向，以包容互鉴的态度尊重不同文化之间的多样性与差异性，是对人类命运的历史思考，也是对当前全球化深入发展的现实回应。人类命运共同体思想承载着对人类命运的历史思辨，体现了人类对美好生活的向往与追求，成为推动人类文明进步与发展的价值引领。     

切斯特顿随笔与共同体文化

切斯特顿随笔对共同体的关注主要体现在传统与文化断裂、思考惰性与文化危机、教育与文化愿景这三个层面。传统的存留不仅是一个凝聚着社会关注的思想焦点，也是一个事关共同体文化发展的社会问题。切斯特顿对传统的态度更多意味着一种充满辩证法的审慎与稳妥，体现了一种对既有秩序感的依恋，以及对共同体未来的文化忧思。在切斯特顿看来，思考的惰性与对进步概念的误读其核心是一种智识缺席，这种缺席不仅阻碍了社会进步，也危及了共同体文化的良性发展。切斯特顿对教育的关注不仅具有文化史研究的现实关怀，也以一种对话精神渗透着一种事关共同体文化发展的愿景思考。     

Coalition for a Healthier Community: Lessons learned and implications for future work

The Coalition for a Healthier Community (CHC) initiative was implemented to improve the health and well-being of women and girls. Underpinning CHC is a gender-based focus that uses a network of community partners working collaboratively to generate relevant behavior change and improved health outcomes. Ten programs are trying to determine whether gender-focused system approaches are cost-effective ways to address health disparities in women and girls. Programs implemented through coalitions made up of academic institutions, public health departments, community-based organizations, and local, regional, and national organizations, are addressing health issues such as domestic violence, cardiovascular disease prevention, physical activity, and healthy eating. Although these programs are ongoing, they have made significant progress. Key factors contributing to their early success include a comprehensive needs assessment, robust coalitions, the diversity of populations targeted, programs based on findings of the needs assessments, evaluations taking into consideration the effect of gender, and strong academic–community partnerships. A noteworthy impact of these programs has been their ability to shape and impact public, social, and health policies at the state and local levels. However, there have been challenges associated with the implementation of such a complex program. Lessons learned are discussed in this paper.     

“Post-Gay” Yet? The Relevance of the Lesbian and Gay Scene to Same-Sex Attracted Young People in Contemporary Australia

In recent years, the lesbian and gay “scene” of bars, nightclubs, and dance parties has been undergoing a structural decline in many Western cities. This article aimed to examine the relevance of the scene to same-sex attracted young adults amid these changes. An online survey was conducted with 572 same-sex attracted young women and men in Sydney. Only a minority of respondents participated in the scene at least weekly (16%), and the majority did not regard the scene as important to their leisure time (60%). However, respondents valued the scene as a space to connect with other same-sex attracted people and display same-sex affection without fear of hostility. Lesbian and gay identified respondents tended to be more socially engaged with the scene compared to other same-sex attracted respondents. The findings suggest that while the scene continues to be valued by many same-sex attracted young people, improved social attitudes have made participating in the scene less of an imperative.     

Building Virtual Age-Friendly Communities in Minecraft

A key theme of Age-Friendly Honolulu’s initiative is intergenerational exchange. The initiative believes that youth need to be aware of aging issues, demographic change, and think critically about the potential impact on their lives. The goal of the Age-Friendly Honolulu Youth Engagement Initiative is to teach youth about the role of the built environment and community features in promoting active aging and engagement among older adults. This article describes a new program in the field that teaches youth and older adults to assess the built environment and then use design thinking and Minecraft (a popular video game in which players use 3-D blocks to create virtual lands) to develop and envision ideas to improve the livability of their neighborhood.